World+War+One+Overall,+colonial+soldiers+in+the+first+world+war,+World+War+Two+overall,+the+Holocaust,+the+Cold+War,+nuclear+weapons

Sources: Outlines"Cold War..." and "Crisis of Imperial...", Princeton Review 1. The Begining__**
 * __World War One (Overall) 1914-1918
 * By the late nineteenth century the once-powerful Ottoman Empire was in decline and losing the outlying provinces closest to Europe. The European powers interfered in the affairs of the Ottoman Empire. As an result to this issue, the Young Turks conspired to force a constitution on the Sultan, advocated centralized rule and Turkification of minorities, and carried out modernizing reforms. The Turks later on turned to Germany for help and hired a German general to modernize their armed forces.
 * The world began on July 28, 1914 when Austria-Hungary declared war on Serbia. After Germany, Great Britian, France, and Russia all became involved in the war because of the Treaties that forced them to defend certain nations.

>> Rising Nationalism >> Mititary >>> industrialization: Britain by 1790, United States by 1830, Continential Europe by 1820 >> The Spark(1914) __**3. What was happening?**__ >>>> France >>>> Schlieffen Plan __4. Weapons and Trench Warfare__
 * __2. The Causes of the Great War__**
 * The three main causes of World War I were nationalism, the system of alliances and military plans, and Germany’s yearning to dominate Europe.
 * Tension over imperalism
 * Quest for colonies led to alot of competition
 * Near conflicts over colonies
 * National indentify and pride was in a high level
 * Fueled expansion which increased tension.
 * governments were producing a massive amounts of weapons
 * Alliance system
 * Mutual defense treaties
 * Assasination of Austrian Arcndure by a Serbian Nationalist
 * Russia had a big poplution
 * Germany had more troops and steel production
 * France had the most submarines
 * Participants:
 * Allied power
 * Britain
 * Russia
 * (after 1917) U.S
 * Japan
 * Italy
 * Central power
 * Germany
 * Austro-Hungarian Empire
 * Ottoman Empire
 * Bulgaria
 * Western and eastern fronts quickly opened along the borders of Germany and Austria-Hungary.
 * War Fonts:
 * Western Front:
 * Germany V. France and Britain
 * Eastern Front:
 * Germany V. Russia
 * Ottoman Front: Ottomans V. Britain and Russian

__5. The Cost__ __6. The Treaty of Versailies__ >> Germans=fair peace __7. Global Outcome__
 * Machine Guns
 * Rifles, Bayonets,hand arenades
 * Heavy artillery
 * Traditional shells
 * Poison gas shells: mustard, chlorine
 * Airplanes
 * Surveillance
 * Dog fights
 * Tanks
 * Submarines
 * Trenches were dug by both sides
 * Soldiers spent hours at a time at the front and in the trenches
 * Eating
 * Sleeping
 * Going to the bathroom
 * Shooting
 * Dying
 * Problems with the Trenches
 * Hunger
 * Mud-trench foot
 * Filth and Bacteria
 * Rats
 * 10 million dead
 * 20 wounded
 * Russian revolution
 * Armenian Genocide
 * Britain, France, U.S. Germany
 * Goals:
 * French=Punished German, protect France
 * Britain= less angry, protect navy
 * U.S.="peace without victories"
 * League of Nations
 * National self determination(to decide the land)
 * U.S is the most powerful country in the war
 * Germany is destroyed and very weak
 * Europe improverished: Thuring Communist parties
 * Colonies inspired: Rise of Nationlist Movements

__Colonial Soldiers in the WWI:__
 * During WWI, soldiers from india and colonial parts of the world joined the war and fought with the British

__The World War II (1939-1945):__ 2. The Difference between WWI and WWII.
 * 1. The Start to the End of the War**
 * The war began on september 1939 when Germany, under the control Adolf Hitler, invaded Poland. Then after France and Britain declared war against Germany. The Depression and the outcomes of WWI left Germany in a downfall which result in Germany deperatly needing Hilter's help.
 * 1939-1940: Hilter went on and offensive spree,was the master of Europe, between Spain and Russia.
 * 1941-1942: Hilter's forces were stopped due to wheather
 * In July 1941, France allowed Japan to occupy indonesia
 * Dec 7 1941, Pearl Harbor is bombed
 * America and Britain united to fight against china
 * The United States used a something called " island hopping" which mean that the U.S. slowly conquered Japan's Islands.
 * On Aug 1945, Japan surrendered to America after U.S. dropped a bomb which killed many people. the surrendered when they saw that U.S. had another bomb. The Bombs took place in Hiroshima and Nagasaki.
 * In WWII, the number of death was enormous compared to the number of deaths in the Great War.
 * In WWII, the weapons were much modernized than those of WWi becasue of the new technology and discoveries involving weapons and machinery.
 * In WWII, tanks began to be used to destroy instead of being used as a transporatuion like in WWI.
 * World War I was a war of defensive maneuvers, but in World War II the introduction of motorized weapons gave back the advantage to the offensive

__The Holocaust:__
 * In Germany, the Nazis began to kill whole races of people
 * German Jews were deprived of their citizenships and legal rights. They were thrown into horrible living condictions, where many died of hunger and deadly disease.
 * The German Jews were begining kept in concentration camps where they were treated with cruelty and killed.
 * The Nazis were wanting to exterminate all Jews. Bedsides the Jews, Nazis also began to kill the Polish Catholics, homosexuals, Jehovahs Witnesses, Gypsies, and the disabled

__The Cold War:__ >> Americans get mad that the South lost and thought..... >> Nuclear War would have brought in China no good
 * No Direct fighting between U.S. and U.S.S.R.
 * The United Nations:
 * Established in 1945 to prevent future world conflicts
 * general assembly
 * security council
 * full time bureacray headed by secretary- general
 * The U.S. started to ingore the United Nations and became more focus on social issues rather than preventing war
 * Korean Conflicts:
 * Communist north Korea invaded non-communist South Korea
 * West V. East in Europe and Korea
 * Communism-spreading fast in the Soviet Union
 * The U.S. felt threatened which led to the Truman Doctrine
 * North Atlantic Treaty Organization (1947)
 * Warsaw Pact(1955)
 * The establishment in 1949 of the Western alliance, NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Organization), and the 1955 Warsaw Pact between the Soviet Union and its satellites solidified the two opposing blocs that shaped the Cold War.
 * United States and Vietnam
 * North Vietnam makes commuinist movement aganist Non-communist government South Vietnam
 * The U.S. wanted to help South Vietnam but couldn't do anything
 * North Vietnam takes over South Vietnam in 1975
 * Vietnam war Results:
 * Serious economic problems
 * anti- war movement in the U.S.
 * they should have stayed
 * they could have one
 * if they stayed, they would have used nuclear weapons
 * China is for North Vietnam and the United States is for South Vietnam
 * United States and Soviet Union
 * no direct fighting
 * the U.S. wanted to prevent any communist government from rising
 * the U.S.S.R. wanted to spread communism everywhere.
 * The global competition between the United States and the Soviet Union took many forms: political, economic, ideological, cultural.
 * nuclear weapons defined the Cold War.

__Nuclear Weapons:__**
 * Nuclear weapons took a great part in the Cold War.
 * These weapons had the power to annilate millions of people[[image:http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Nagasakibomb.jpg/502px-Nagasakibomb.jpg width="330" height="429" align="left" caption="File:Nagasakibomb.jpg" link="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e0/Nagasakibomb.jpg"]]